Geometry Problems of the Day (Geometry Regents, January 2025 Part I)

This exam was adminstered in January 2025.

More Regents problems.

January 2025 Geometry Regents

Part I

Each correct answer will receive 2 credits. No partial credit.


9. Scalene triangle JKL is drawn below.

If median LM is drawn to side KJ, which statement is always true?

(1) LM = KM
(2) KM = 1/2 KJ
(3) LM ⊥ KJ
(4) ∠KLM ≅ ∠JLM

Answer: (2) KM = 1/2 KJ

The median connects angle L with the midpoint of KJ. Therefore, KM is half of the length of KJ.

LM is not congruent to KM because LM is the median. KM is congruent to JM, but they are each half of KJ.

10. In circle O, chord KA intersects diameter YN at S.

If mYK = 120° and mYA = 105°, what is m∠ASN?

(1) 22.5°
(2) 75°
(3) 97.5°
(4) 120°

Answer: (3) 97.5°

Since YN is a diameter, we can find the measures of the other two arcs. Once we know those, the measure of angle ASN will be the average of the measures of arcs YK and AN.

If YK = 120 degrees, then KN = 60 degrees. If YA = 105 degrees, then AN = 75 degrees.

The angle ASN will be the average, half the sum, of the measures of arcs YK and AN. So 1/2(120 + 75) = 1/2(195) = 97.5, which is Choice (3).

11.Triangle ABC is graphed on the set of axes below. The vertices of △ABC have coordinates A(-3,4), B(-5,-1), and C(3,-2).

What is the area of △ABC?

(1) 16
(2) 20
(3) 21
(4) 24

Answer: (3) 21

The easiest way to find the area of a triangle that does line up with the grid is to create a box around it and then find the area of the three triangles that you cut away from the rectangle.

If you make a box from point C(3,-2) to (3,4) to (-5,4) to (-5,-2), you have a rectangle with an area of 8 x 6 = 48 square units. The three extraneous triangles will have areas of 1/2(2)(5) = 5, 1/2(1)(8) = 4, and 1/2(6)(6) = 18. Subtract 48 - 5 - 4 - 18 = 21, which is Choice (3).

In this example, it would've been possible to divide the triangle along the line y = -1. In that case, the top triangle would have an area of 1/2(7)(5) = 17.5, and the bottom triangle would have an area of 1/2(7)(1) = 3.5. The sum of 17.5 + 3.5 = 21.

12. In △ABC below, DE is a midsegment, and BD ≅ DE.
Which statement is always true?

(1) △ABC is isosceles
(2) △ABC is scalene
(3) BD ≅ BE
(4) DA ≅ EC

Answer: △ABC is isosceles

If BD ≅ DE, then BA ≅ AC because the latter two line segments are twice the size of the first two line segments. If you double the size of congruent segments, you will get another pair of congruent segments that are twice the size.

That means that ABC is an isosceles triangle because two sides, BA and AC, are congruent.

Even though the image shown appears to be scalene, there is no reason that the triangle described in the question must be scalene. You cannot assume that the image shown is drawn to scale and covers all possibilities.

There is nothing indicating that BD must be congruent with BE. Moreover, if BD were congruent to BE, then DA would have to be congruent to EC as well. They can't both be true.

13. As shown in the diagram below, JKL || MNOP, KRN, and OR ≅ ON.

If m∠POR = 116°, what is m∠LKN?

(1) 58°
(2) 116°
(3) 122°
(4) 128°

Answer: (4) 128°

Work your way through the angles you know and the ones you can work out.

If m∠POR = 116°,then m∠NOR = 64° because they are a linear pair. If m∠NOR = 64°, then m∠NRO = 64° because NOR is an isosceles triangle and OR ≅ ON. Then m∠ONR = 52° because 180 - 64 - 64 = 52 degrees.

Since JKL || MNOP, then ∠LKN and ∠PNK are supplementary because they are same-side interior angles. Therefore m∠LKN = 180 - 52 = 128, which is Choice (4).

14. The ratio of similarity of square ABCD to square WXYZ is 2:5. If AB = x + 3 and WX = 3x + 5, then the perimeter of ABCD is

(1) 8
(2) 20
(3) 32
(4) 80

Answer: (3) 32

Solve for x using the lengths of AB and WX and the ratio between them. Once you know the length of one side, you can find the perimeter of the square.

5(x + 3) = 2(3x + 5)
5x + 15 = 6x + 10
5 = x

AB = 5 + 3 = 8
Perimeter of ABCD is 4 * 8 = 32.

The correct answer is Choice (3).

15. In parallelogram ABCD below, diagonals AC and BD intersect at E.

Which transformation would map △ABC onto △CDA?

(1) a reflection over AC
(2) a reflection over DB
(3) a clockwise rotation of 90° about point E
(4) a clockwise rotation of 180° about point E

Answer: (4) a clockwise rotation of 180° about point E

A reflection over the diagonals would not line up correctly because neither AC nor BD are angle bisectors. The answer must be a rotation.

To move A to C, the triangle would have to be rotated 180 degrees about point E. That's Choice (4), which is the correct answer.

16. The square pyramid drawn below has a volume of 175.

If the height of the pyramid is 21, what is the perimeter of the base?

(1) 5
(2) 10
(3) 20
(4) 25

Answer: (3) 20

If the Volume is 175 and the height is 21, then the area of the base can be found using the Volume formula:

V = 1/3 (Area of Base) (height)
175 = 1/3 (A) (21)
175 = 7 A
25 = A

If the Area of the square is 25, then the length of one side is the square root of 25, which is 5. If the length of one side is 5, then the Perimeter of the square base is 4 * 5 = 20, which is CHoice (3).

More to come. Comments and questions welcome.

I also write Fiction! The NEW COLLECTION IS AVIALABLE! A Bucket Full of Moonlight, written by Christopher J. Burke, contains 30+ pieces of short stories and flash fiction. It's available from eSpec Books! Order the softcover or ebook at Amazon. Vampires, werewolves, angels, demons, used-car salesmen, fairies, superheroes, space and time travel, and little gray aliens talking to rock creatures and living plants.
My other books include my Burke's Lore Briefs series and In A Flash 2020.
If you enjoy my books, please consider leaving a rating or review on Amazon or on Good Reads. Thank you!

Geometry Problems of the Day (Geometry Regents, January 2025 Part I)

This exam was adminstered in January 2025.

More Regents problems.

January 2025 Geometry Regents

Part I

Each correct answer will receive 2 credits. No partial credit.


1. On the set of axes below, △AB'C' is the image of △ABC.

What is the scale factor and center of dilation that maps △ABC onto △AB'C'?

(1) 1/2 and the origin
(2) 2 and the origin
(3) 1/2 and vertex A
(4) 2 and vertex A

Answer: (4) 2 and vertex A

Point A does not move, so it is the center of dilation. B' is twice as far away from A as point B is, so the scale factor is 2.

2. Line segment PAQ has endpoints whose coordinates are P(-2,6) and Q(3,-4). What are the coordinates of point A, such that PA:AQ = 2:3?

(1) (1,0)
(2) (2,-2)
(3) (-1,4)
(4) (0,2)

Answer: (4) (0,2)

It may help to sketch this or use the graph paper in the back of the booklet.

To get from P to Q, the x-coordinate increases by 5 and the y-coordinate decreases by 10.

Two-fifths of 5 is 2, and two-fifths of -10 is -4. So point A is 2 units to the right of P and 4 units down. That puts it at (0,2).

Another way to solve this is to use a formula:

(3/5)(-2,6) + (2/5)(3,-4)
(-6/5, 18/5) + (6/5, -8/5)
(0,10/5)
(0,2)

It looks crazy, but it works.

3. On the set of axes below, congruent parallelograms ABCD and RSTU are graphed.

Which sequence of transformations maps ABCD onto RSTU?

(1) a reflection over the x-axis followed by a translation ten units to the left and one unit up
(2) a translation four units down followed by a reflection over the y-axis
(3) a reflection over the y-axis followed by a translation of two units down
(4) a translation ten units to the left followed by a reflection over the x-axis

Answer: (2) a translation four units down followed by a reflection over the y-axis down

The orientation has changed, so it is not a translation. And from the new direction, we can see that it is a reflection and not a rotation of any kind.

Translating four units down puts A' at (2,0), B' at (8,-1), etc. Reflecting A'B'C'D' over the y-axis brings it to RSTU. Choice (2) is correct.

Choice (1) is incorrect because the image wouldn't match up. A wouldn't transform to R, B to S, etc.

4. Triangle ABC has a right angle at C. If AC = 7.7 and m∠B = 24°, what is AB, to the nearest tenth?

(1) 18.9
(2) 17.3
(3) 8.4
(4) 3.1

Answer: (1) 18.9

Triangle ABC has right angle C, which means that leg AC is across from angle B. You could sketch this confuses you at all.

AB is the hypotenuse of the triangle, so you are supposed to use the sine function to solve this problem.

Before we do that, however, we can eliminate 3.1, because it's not the longest side of the triangle. Second, since angle B is only 24 degrees, and angle A is therefore 66 degrees, then BC must be much bigger than 7.7 and definitely bigger than 8.4. So we've eliminated two choices.

If I were to "bet" (as opposed to "guess" and we shouldn't do either), I'd think that (1) will be the answer.

Sin 24 = 7.7 / x, so x = 7.7 / sin 24 degrees = 18.93..., which is Choice (1).

If you used Tangent, you would've gotten Choice (2), and if you'd used Cosine, you would've gotten Choice (3).

5. Given △PQR and △LMN with PQ ≅ LM, which additional statement is sufficient to always prove △PQR ≅ △LMN?

(1) QR ≅ MN and ∠R ≅ ∠N
(2) QR ≅ MN and ∠Q ≅ ∠M
(3) QR ≅ MN and ∠P ≅ ∠L
(4) QR ≅ MN and ∠P ≅ ∠M

Answer: (2) QR ≅ MN and ∠Q ≅ ∠M

Because we were given a pair of congruent sides and because all the choices have a pair of congruent sides and a pair of congruent angles, then we could prove the triangles are congruent using SAS. That means that we need angles that are included (that is, "between") the corresponding sides.

If we have PQ and QR corresponding to LM and MN, respectively, then the included angles must be Q and M. That is Choice (2).

6. The equation of a circle is x² + 6y = 4x - y² + 12. What are the coordinates of the center and the length of the radius?

(1) center (2,-3) and radius 5
(2) center (-2,3) and radius 5
(3) center (2,-3) and radius 25
(4) center (-2,3) and radius 25

Answer: (1) center (2,-3) and radius 5

First, get the equation into the correct form by moving everything to the left side of the equal sign, leaving the 12 on the right, and then Complete the Squares.

x² + 6y = 4x - y² + 12
x² - 4x + y² + 6y = 12
x² - 4x + 4 + y² + 6y + 9 = 12 + 4 + 9
(x - 2)² + (y + 3)² = 25
(x - 2)² + (y + 3)² = 5²

The correct answer is Choice (1) center (2,-3) and radius 5.

7. A square with a side length of 3 is continuously rotated about one of its sides. The resulting three-dimensional object is a

(1) cube with a volume of 9.
(2) cube with a volume of 27.
(3) cylinder with a volume of 27π.
(4) cylinder with a volume of 54π.

Answer: (3) cylinder with a volume of 27π.

If you spin a square around, you will get a cylinder. You cannot get a cube from this circular motion.

The cylinder will have a radius of 3 and a height of 3, so the Volume will be πr²h, or π(3)²(3), which is 27π. The correct answer is Choice (3).

8. Line k is represented by the equation 4y + 3 = 7x. Which equation represents a line that is perpendicular to line k and passes through the point (-5,2)?

(1) y + 2 = 4/7 (x - 5)
(2) y - 2 = 4/7 (x + 5)
(3) y + 2 = -4/7 (x - 5)
(4) y - 2 = -4/7 (x + 5)

Answer: (3) y + 2 = -4/7 (x - 5)

First, if the point (-5,2) is on the line than we can elimate Choices (1) and (3), which go through point (5,-2).

Second the original line has a slope of 7/4, which you get when you divide both sides by 7. The inverse reciprocal of that is -4/7, which is the slope of the perpendicular line. That eliminates Choice (1) and (2), so only Choice (3) remains, which is the Correct answer.
More to come. Comments and questions welcome.

I also write Fiction! The NEW COLLECTION IS AVIALABLE! A Bucket Full of Moonlight, written by Christopher J. Burke, contains 30+ pieces of short stories and flash fiction. It's available from eSpec Books! Order the softcover or ebook at Amazon. Vampires, werewolves, angels, demons, used-car salesmen, fairies, superheroes, space and time travel, and little gray aliens talking to rock creatures and living plants.
My older books include my Burke's Lore Briefs series and In A Flash 2020.
If you enjoy my books, please consider leaving a rating or review on Amazon or on Good Reads. Thank you!

Algebra Problems of the Day (Algebra Regents, January 2025 Part IV)

This exam was adminstered in January 2025.

January 2025 Algebra, Part IV

A correct answer is worth up to 6 credits. Partial credit can be given. Work must be shown or explained.

35. Anna plans to spend $30 on balloons and party hats for her daughter’s birthday party. Including tax, balloons cost $2 each and party hats cost $1.50 each. The number of party hats Anna needs is twice as many as the number of balloons.

If x represents the number of balloons and y represents the number of party hats, write a system of equations that can be used to represent this situation.

Graph your system of equations on the set of axes below.

State the coordinates of the point of intersection of your lines.

Explain what each coordinate means in the context of the problem.

Answer:

Write the system of equations for the number of balloons and hats and for the price of the balloons and hats. Then rewrite them solving for y in terms of x (isolate the y variable) so you can put them into your graphing calculator or graph using the slope and intercept.

This question may be confusing to anyone who did a lot of test prep because it seems like it should be an inequality question, but it is NOT.

y = 2x
2x + 1.50y = 30

1.5y = -2x + 30
y = -4/3x + 20

The graph would look as follows:

The coordinates of the solution are (6,12).

In the context of the problem, there will be 12 hats and 6 balloons.

End of Part Exam

How did you do?

Questions, comments and corrections welcome.

I also write Fiction! The NEW COLLECTION IS AVIALABLE! A Bucket Full of Moonlight, written by Christopher J. Burke, contains 30+ pieces of short stories and flash fiction. It's available from eSpec Books! Order the softcover or ebook at Amazon. Vampires, werewolves, angels, demons, used-car salesmen, fairies, superheroes, space and time travel, and little gray aliens talking to rock creatures and living plants.
My older books include my Burke's Lore Briefs series and In A Flash 2020.
If you enjoy my books, please consider leaving a rating or review on Amazon or on Good Reads. Thank you!

Algebra Problems of the Day (Algebra Regents, January 2025 Part III)

This exam was adminstered in January 2025.

January 2025 Algebra, Part III

Each correct answer is worth up to 4 credits. Partial credit can be given. Work must be shown or explained.

31. Alex had $1.70 in nickels and dimes on his desk. There were 25 coins in all. Write a system of equations that could be used to determine both the number of nickels, n, and the number of dimes, d, that Alex had.

Use your system of equations to algebraically determine both the number of nickels and the number of dimes that he had.

Answer:

Write the system of equations for the number of nickels and dimes and the value of the nickels and dimes. Then solve the system.

.05n + .10d = 1.70
n + d = 25

.5n + d = 17.0
n + d = 25

.5n = 8
n = 16

16 + d = 25
d = 9

Alex has 16 nickels and 9 dimes.

32. The table below shows the average heart rate, x, and Calories burned, y, for seven men on an Olympic rowing team during a one-hour workout class.

Write the linear regression equation that models these data, rounding all values to the nearest tenth.

State the correlation coefficient, rounded to the nearest tenth.

State what the correlation coefficient suggests about the linear fit of these data.

Answer:

Put the data into the L1 and L2 in your graphing calculator and run a linear regressions.

Rounding to the nearest tenth, you'll get y = 9.1x - 527.6. Remember to write the equation. Put just write a = 9.1 and b = 527.6.

If the correlation coefficient didn't appear on your screen, go to the Catalogue and run "DiagnosticOn" and do the regression a second time.

To the nearest tenth, r = 0.9.

This suggests that there is a strong positive correlation between average heart rate and calories burned.

33. Using the quadratic formula, solve x² + 4x - 3 = 0.
Express your solution in simplest radical form.

Answer:

The equation is in the back of the booklet. (Lucky you -- back in my century, we had to memorize it!)

x = (-b + √(b² - 4ac)) / (2a)

x = (-4 + √(4² - 4(1)(-3)) / (2(1))

x = (-4 + √(16 + 12)) / 2

x = (-4 + √(28)) / 2

x = (-4 + (√(4)*√(7)) / 2

x = (-4 + 2√(7)) / 2

x = -2 + √(7)

The next to last line would have been an acceptable answer.

34. Solve the following system of equations algebraically for all values of x and y.

y = x² - 7x + 12
y = 2x - 6

Answer:

Set the two expressions equal to each other and then solve the quadratic equation. Then solve for y for each value of x.

x² - 7x + 12 = 2x - 6
x² - 9x + 18 = 0
(x - 3)(x - 6) = 0
x - 3 = 0 or x - 6 = 0
x = 3 or x = 6

If x = 3: y = 2(3) - 6 = 0
If x = 6: y = 2(6) - 6 = 6.

End of Part III

How did you do?

Questions, comments and corrections welcome.

I also write Fiction! The NEW COLLECTION IS AVIALABLE! A Bucket Full of Moonlight, written by Christopher J. Burke, contains 30+ pieces of short stories and flash fiction. It's available from eSpec Books! Order the softcover or ebook at Amazon. Vampires, werewolves, angels, demons, used-car salesmen, fairies, superheroes, space and time travel, and little gray aliens talking to rock creatures and living plants.
My older books include my Burke's Lore Briefs series and In A Flash 2020.
If you enjoy my books, please consider leaving a rating or review on Amazon or on Good Reads. Thank you!

Algebra Problems of the Day (Algebra Regents, January 2025 Part II)

This exam was adminstered in January 2025.

January 2025 Algebra, Part II

Each correct answer is worth up to 2 credits. Partial credit can be given. Work must be shown or explained.

25. The graph below models Sally’s drive to the store.

State an interval when Sally is traveling at a constant speed. Explain your reasoning

Answer:

Sally's spped is the y-coodinate, so a constant speed means a horizontal line, not a line with a constant slope.

From 5 hours to 9 hours, Sally is driving at a constant speed of 35 mph as indicated by the horizontal line. The rate of change is 0.

26. Graph the function f(x) = x² + 4x + 3.

Sate the equation of the axis of symmetry of f(x).

Answer:

Use your calculator to find the table of values for the parabola. The axis of symmetry is the vertical line that goes through the vertex of the graph and has the equation x = -b/(2a).

The following points are on the graph (-4,3), (-3,0), (-2,-1), (-1,0) and (0,3). Plot these and draw the curve. Remember to put arrows at the end because the graph continues upward.

The access of symmetry is x = -4/(2(1), which is x = -2.

This question is only worth two points, so if you gave the vertex instead of the axis, you didn't get any credit.

27. The function f(x) is shown in the table below.

State an appropriate value for m in the table, so that f(x) remains a function. Explain your reasoning.

Answer:

The relation is a function as long as the x values do not repeat. (Again! I wrote this very same comment in June 2024 and August 2024 for Question 27!)

Therefore, m can have any value except 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, or 6, which are already used. Valid values include 7, 8, 9, or larger; -1, -2, -3, or lower; 1.5, 6 1/2, π.

You are not being asked to define the function or predict what the next value should be.

Reason: the number you selected has not already been used in the table as a value of x. The values of x cannot be repeated in a function.

28. Solve x² + 8x = 33 for x by completing the square.

Answer:

You must complete the square. Any other method, so long as it yields the correct answer, is only worth 1 point.

The square of a binomial, such as (x + n)², looks like x² + 2n + n². So the middle term of the quadratic expression is 2n and the original n is half as much.

Half of 8 is 4, so the binomial that is being squared is (x + 4).

If you square (x + 4), you get x² + 8x + 16, so to "COMPLETE THE SQUARE", we need to add 16 to both sides of the equation: x² + 8x + 16 = 33 + 16.

Factor this into: (x + 4)² = 49.

Now you can solve this:

(x + 4)² = 49
x + 4 = + 7
x = 7 - 4 or x = -7 - 4
x = 3 or x = -11

29. If f(x) = (-3x - 5)/2, algebraically determine the value of x when f(x) = -22

Answer:
Note that the problem does NOT say x = -22, what is f(-22)? The question says if f(x) = -22, then what is x?

Replace f(x) with (-3x - 5)/2 in the equation, like this:

(-3x - 5)/2 = -22
-3x - 5 = - 44
-3x = -39
x = 13

If you evaluated f(-22) = 30.5, you received half credit.

30. Rationalize the denominator of the fraction below. Express the solution in simplest form.

4 / √(2)

Answer:
Multiply the fraction by √(2) / √(2) to rationalize the denominator, and then reduce the fraction.

4 / √(2) * √(2) / √(2) = 4 √(2) / 2 = 2 √(2)

End of Part II

How did you do?

Questions, comments and corrections welcome.

I also write Fiction! The NEW COLLECTION IS AVIALABLE! A Bucket Full of Moonlight, written by Christopher J. Burke, contains 30+ pieces of short stories and flash fiction. It's available from eSpec Books! Order the softcover or ebook at Amazon. Vampires, werewolves, angels, demons, used-car salesmen, fairies, superheroes, space and time travel, and little gray aliens talking to rock creatures and living plants.
My older books include my Burke's Lore Briefs series and In A Flash 2020.
If you enjoy my books, please consider leaving a rating or review on Amazon or on Good Reads. Thank you!

Algebra 2 Problems of the Day (Algebra 2 Regents, August 2024 Part I)

This exam was adminstered in August 2024.

More Regents problems.

August 2024 Algebra 2 Regents

Part I

Each correct answer will receive 2 credits. No partial credit.


17. Given q(x) = 2log(x) and r(x) = (x - 2)³ - 4, what is a solution of q(x) = r(x) to the nearest tenth?

(1) 1.1
(2) 3.7
(3) 3.9
(4) 4.3

Answer: (2) 3.7

This is a MULTIPLE-CHOICE question. Do not attempt to solve it algebraically. It will NOT be a fun time.

You can graph both equations on your calculator and look for the point where they intersect. (There's actually a function on the calculator that will help you find it if you know how to use it.)

You can also find the values of q(1.1), r(1.1), q(3.7), r(3.7), etc to find the ones that are the same.

Let's do this just for giggles:

q(1.1) = 0.08, r(1.1) = -4.7

q(3.7) = 1.1, r(3.7) = .91

q(3.9) = 1.2, r(3.9) = 2.9

q(4.3) = 1.7, r(4.3) = 8.2

You will notice that when x = 3.7, the values of q(x) and r(x) are the closest. They differ because of rounding. (I did a little experimenting so that you wouldn't have to, and found that x = 3.725 is pretty close but still not exact.)

Choice (2) is the correct answer.

How would I solve this algebraically? I wouldn't. Simple as that.

If you would like to, please place it in the comments.

18. The volume of a cardboard box can be modeled by V(x), which is the product of the length, width, and height, x. If the length can be represented by L(x) = 18 - 2x and the width can be represented by W(x) = 18 - 2x, then which function represents V(x)?

(1) V(x) = 4x² - 72x + 324
(2) V(x) = 4x³ - 72x² + 324x
(3) V(x) = -3x + 36
(4) V(x) = 4x³ + 324x

Answer: (2) V(x) = 4x³ - 72x² + 324x

It should be "obvious" that since we have to multiply three terms with the variable x in them that the final formula will contain x³ in it.

V = (18 - 2x)(18 - 2x)(x)
= (324 - 36x - 36x + 4x²)(x)
= 324x - 72x² + 4x³

Choice (2) is the correct choice.

Choice (4) is missing the middle term. Choice (1) is the Area of the base. Choice (3) is nonsense because it just added the three expressions.

19. The expression 8^x/2 * 8^x/3 is equivalent to

(1) ⁶√(8^5x)
(2) 64^(5x/6)
(3) ⁵√(8^2x)
(4) 64^(x2/6)

Answer: (1) ⁶√(8^5x)

Keep the base and add the exponents x/2 + x/3.

The common denominator is 6, so 3x/6 + 2x/6 = 5x/6, and the expression will be 8^5x/6, which is not one of the listed choices.

However, the one-sixth power is the same as taking the sixth root of the expressions.

Therefore, 8^5x/6 is the same as (8^5x)^(1/6 which is the same as ⁶√(8^5x). This is Choice (1).

20. If θ is an angle in standard position whose terminal side passes through the point (-3,-4), which statement is true?

(1) sec θ > 0 and tan θ > 0
(2) sec θ < 0 and tan θ < 0
(3) sec θ > 0 and tan θ < 0
(4) sec θ < 0 and tan θ > 0

Answer: (4) sec θ < 0 and tan θ > 0

Point (-3,-4) is in Quadrant III where sin is negative, cos is negative, and tan is positive. Eliminate Choices (2) and (3).

Sec = 1/cos and has the same sign and cos, which is negative in Quadrant III. So the correct answer is Choice (4).

21. What is the value of y for the system shown below? 3x + 4y - 5z = -27
2x + 3y - z = -3
6x - y + 4z = 3

(1) -27
(2) 6
(3) 3
(4) -3

Answer: (3) 3

Solve the system of equations by eliminating the x term first since 2 and 3 are factors of 6.

3x + 4y - 5z = -27
2x + 3y - z = -3
6x - y + 4z = 3

6x + 8y - 10z = -54
6x + 9y - 3z = -9
6x - y + 4z = 3

First 2 equations: y + 7z = 45
Last 2 equations: 10y - 7y = -12
Combined: 11y = 33
y = 3

Choice (3) is the correct answer.

22. The number of employees who work nights and weekends at a department store is summarized in the table below.

Let N represent the event “works nights” and let W represent the event “works weekends.” Based on the table, are N and W independent events?

(1) Yes, because P(N) • P(W) = P(N ∩ W).
(2) Yes, because P(N) • P(W) =/= P(N ∩ W).
(3) No, because P(N) • P(W) = P(N ∩ W).
(4) No, because P(N) • P(W) =/= P(N ∩ W).

Answer: (1) Yes, because P(N) • P(W) = P(N ∩ W).

The answer is either Yes because they are equal or No because they are not equal. Multiply the probabilities.

There are a total of 120 employees. P(N) = 20/120 and P(W) = 48/120, and (20/120)(48/120) = (1/6)(2/5) = 1/15.

P(N ∩ W) = 8/120 = 1/15.

So P(N) • P(W) = P(N ∩ W).

The correct answer is Choice (1).

23. Which expression is equivalent to x⁸ - y⁸?

(1) (x - y)⁸
(2) (x² + y²)²(x² - y²)²
(3) (x⁴ + y⁴)(x² + y²)(x + y)(x - y)
(4) (x + y)⁴(x - y)⁴

Answer: (3) (x⁴ + y⁴)(x² + y²)(x + y)(x - y)

The given expression is a Difference of Perfect Squares and canb be factored into two conjugates. One of those factors will still be a Difference of Perfect Squares and can be factored again. And then again.

x⁸ - y⁸
(x⁴ + y⁴)(x⁴ - y⁴)
(x⁴ + y⁴)(x² + y²)(x² - y²)
(x⁴ + y⁴)(x² + y²)(x + y)(x - y)

The correct answer is Choice (3).

If you factor Choice (1), you will find that it is equivalent to Choice (4), so both could be eliminated.

24. A research assistant receives a first year salary of $90,000 and a 2% annual raise throughout the first ten years of employment. In total, how much money will be earned over the first ten years, to the nearest dollar?

(1) $91,837
(2) $109,709
(3) $877,917
(4) $985,475

Answer: (4) $985,475

Using the formula for a Geometric Series: S_n = (a₁ - a₁rⁿ) / (1 - r), we can calculate the answer.

S₁₀ = (90000 - 90000*1.02¹⁰) / (1 - 1.02) = 985474.89, which is Choice (4).

End of Part I. How did you do?

Comments and questions welcome.

I also write Fiction! The NEW COLLECTION IS AVIALABLE! A Bucket Full of Moonlight, written by Christopher J. Burke, contains 30+ pieces of short stories and flash fiction. It's available from eSpec Books! Order the softcover or ebook at Amazon. Vampires, werewolves, angels, demons, used-car salesmen, fairies, superheroes, space and time travel, and little gray aliens talking to rock creatures and living plants.
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If you enjoy my books, please consider leaving a rating or review on Amazon or on Good Reads. Thank you!

Algebra 2 Problems of the Day (Algebra 2 Regents, August 2024 Part I)

This exam was adminstered in August 2024.

More Regents problems.

August 2024 Algebra 2 Regents

Part I

Each correct answer will receive 2 credits. No partial credit.


9. The asymptote of the graph of f(x) = 5 log(x + 4) is

(1) y = 6
(2) x = -4
(3) x = 4
(4) y = 5

Answer: (2) x = -4

First of all, you can graph this and look. Second, the asymptote will be a vertical line, which means it starts with "x = ", so eliminate Choices (1) and (4).

The asymptote of f(x) = log x is the y-axis, which is x = 0. Multiplying by 5 will not change the asymptote. However, adding 4 inside the parentheses, that is log(x + 4), will move the asymptote 4 units to the left, to x = -4. Choice (2) is the correct answer.

10. The probability of having math homework is 1/3 and the probability of having English homework is 1/7. The probability of having math homework or having English homework is 9/21. What is the probability of having math homework and having English homework?

(1) 19/21
(2) 1/5
(3) 1/21
(4) 10/21

Answer: (3) 1/21

P(M) + P(E) - P(M|E) = 1/3 + 1/7 - 9/21 = 7/21 + 3/21 - 9/21 = 1/21

Choice (3) is the correct choice.

11. The solution set to the equation x - 1 = √(2x + 6) is

(1) {5, -1}
(2) {5}
(3) {-1}
(4) { }

Answer:(2) {5}

You can check each of the listed answers to see if either, or both work.

For x = 5, 5 - 1 = 4 and √(2(5) + 6) = 4, so the answer is either Choice (1) or (2).

For x = -1, -1 -1 = -2, which cannot be the result of a square root. Eliminate Choices (1) and (3).

Choice (1) is the correct answer.

If you tried to solve it algebraically:

x - 1 = √(2x + 6)
x² - 2x + 1 = 2x + 6
x² - 4x - 5 = 0
(x - 5)(x + 1) = 0
x = 5 or x = -1

However, when we test the answers, we see that x = -1 must be discarded as extraneous, and only x = 5 is correct.

12. Given x > 0, the expression (1 / x^-2)^(-3/4) is equivalent to

(1) x √(x)
(2) 1 / (x √(x))
(3) ∛x²
(4) 1 / (∛x²)

Answer: (2) 1 / (x √(x))

Use the rules for exponents to evaluate the expression.

(1 / x^-2)^(-3/4)
(x²)^(-3/4)
(x^(-3/2))
1 / x^3/2
1 / √(x³ = 1 / x √(x)

Choice (2) is the correct answer.

13. The graph of which function has a period of 3?

(1) y = -7sin(2π/3 x) - 5
(2) y = -7sin(3π/2 x) + 9
(3) y = -7sin(3x) - 5
(4) y = 3sin(π x) + 9

Answer: (1) y = -7sin(2π/3 x) - 5

Once again, you can graph these equations and look to see which is correct.

The period of y = A sin(x) + C is 2π. The period of y = A sin(Bx) + C is 2π/B.

In Choice (1), 2π/ (2π/3) = 3. This is the correct answer.

In Choice (2), 2π/ (3π/2) = 4/3. Eliminate Choice (2).

In Choice (3), 2π/ 3 is not equal to 3. Eliminate Choice (3).

In Choice (4), 2π/ (π) = 2. Eliminate Choice (4).

14. Which graph could represent a 4th degree polynomial function with a positive leading coefficient, 2 real zeros, and 2 imaginary zeros?

Answer: (1) [See image]

A positive leading coefficient on a fourth-degree polynomial means that the end behavior is toward positive infinity on both ends. Eliminate Choices (3) and (4).

Two real zeroes means that the graph crosses the x-axis in two locations, which eliminates Choice (4) and leaves Choice (1).

Since there are only two real zeroes, there must be two imaginary zeroes as well.

15. Given i is the imaginary unit, which expression is equivalent to 5i(2x + 3i) - x√(-9)?

(1) 15 + 13xi
(2) -15 + 13xi
(3) 15 + 7xi
(4) -15 + 7xi

Answer: (4) -15 + 7xi

Use the Distributive Property and the Order of Operations. Don't forget that i² = -1 and that √(-1) = i.

5i(2x + 3i) - x√(-9)
10xi + 15i² - 3xi
-15 + 7xi

The correct answer is Choice (4).

16. 6 What is the focus of the parabola 8(y + 2) = (x + 5)²?

(1) (-5,0)
(2) (-5,-4)
(3) (5,0)
(4) (5,4)

Answer: (1) (-5,0)

The vertex form of a parabola is y = a(x - h) + k, and the focus of the parabola is at point (h, k + 1/(4a)). Rewrite the equation in vertex form.

8(y + 2) = (x + 5)²

y + 2 = (1/8)(x + 5)²

y = (1/8)(x + 5)² - 2

If a = 1/8, then 1/(4a) = 1/(4(1/8)) = 1/(1/2) = 2.

So (h, k + 1/(4a)) = (-5, -2+2) = (-5,0).

More to come. Comments and questions welcome.

I also write Fiction! The NEW COLLECTION IS AVIALABLE! A Bucket Full of Moonlight, written by Christopher J. Burke, contains 30+ pieces of short stories and flash fiction. It's available from eSpec Books! Order the softcover or ebook at Amazon. Vampires, werewolves, angels, demons, used-car salesmen, fairies, superheroes, space and time travel, and little gray aliens talking to rock creatures and living plants.
My older books include my Burke's Lore Briefs series and In A Flash 2020.
If you enjoy my books, please consider leaving a rating or review on Amazon or on Good Reads. Thank you!